Buying a home is one of the most significant decisions of your life. It requires not just financial investment but careful planning and due diligence. Among all factors, verifying property documents is critical to ensure a safe and hassle-free purchase. Checking the right documents protects your investment and gives peace of mind. Here’s a guide to the essential documents every buyer should review.
1. RERA Certificate
Every real estate project must be registered with the respective State’s Real Estate Regulatory Authority (RERA). Each registered project is assigned a unique RERA registration number and certificate. Checking the RERA certificate confirms the authenticity of the developer and the project, providing legal protection under the RERA Act.
2. Sale Deed
The sale deed is a crucial legal document that transfers ownership from the seller to the buyer. It includes details such as the property description, location, and sale price. Banks also require the sale deed when approving home loans. Ensure it is accurately drafted and signed by both parties.
3. Encumbrance Certificate (EC)
An encumbrance certificate verifies that the property is free from legal or financial liabilities, such as loans, mortgages, or disputes. This certificate is essential for confirming that the property has a clear title and is often required during home loan applications or future resale.
4. Occupancy Certificate (OC)
Issued by the municipal corporation, the occupancy certificate confirms that the building is constructed according to approved plans and state regulations. It certifies that the property is safe and fit for occupation.
5. Completion Certificate (CC)
The completion certificate is issued by the local development authority or municipal corporation. It certifies that the construction is complete, compliant with safety norms, and adheres to local building regulations. This document is mandatory for legal occupancy.
6. Title Deed
The title deed is a legal document proving ownership of the property. It includes the owner’s name, property location, and any associated rights. Checking the title deed ensures there are no disputes, claims, or encumbrances attached to the property.
7. Site Plan Approval
A site plan shows the project layout, including road positions, utility lines, and proposed or existing structures. Ensure that the plan is approved by the city or state land authority, such as:
- Town and Country Planning Department (DTCP)
- Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA)
- Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA)
- Bangalore Metropolitan Region Development Authority (BMRDA)
- Delhi Development Authority (DDA)
Additionally, check for No-Objection Certificates (NOCs) from relevant authorities, including Environmental Clearance, Fire NOC, and Non-Agricultural Land Certificate. These prove that the project complies with regulations and has no objections from governing bodies.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. How can I check the property title deed in India?
You can check the title deed at the local sub-registrar office where the property is registered. Many states also offer online portals to verify property ownership and transaction history. It’s advisable to verify the deed with the original records to ensure authenticity.
Q2. Why is the encumbrance certificate necessary when purchasing a house?
The encumbrance certificate confirms that the property is free from legal or financial liabilities such as loans, mortgages, or disputes. It ensures the property has a clear title, protecting buyers from future claims.
Q3. What is a sale agreement?
A sale agreement is a contract between the buyer and seller that outlines the terms and conditions of the property sale. It includes the sale price, payment schedule, property details, and obligations of both parties. It is usually signed before the final sale deed is executed.
You can check the title deed at the local sub-registrar office where the property is registered. Many states also offer online portals to verify property ownership and transaction history. It’s advisable to verify the deed with the original records to ensure authenticity.
The encumbrance certificate confirms that the property is free from legal or financial liabilities such as loans, mortgages, or disputes. It ensures the property has a clear title, protecting buyers from future claims.
A sale agreement is a contract between the buyer and seller that outlines the terms and conditions of the property sale. It includes the sale price, payment schedule, property details, and obligations of both parties. It is usually signed before the final sale deed is executed.
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